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ABSTRACT

CRISPR-CAS9 tool, which was once known in bacterial and archaea as an adaptive defense strategy against invading bacteriophages, has brought us very closer to the goal of precise genetic engineering in virtually any organism of choice. RNA-directed CRISPR/CAS9 system relies on specifying a 20-nt targeting sequence within its guide RNA. High efficiency, ease of use and accuracy of this technology has empowered the researchers to broaden the scope of gene manipulation in numerous innovative fields including antiviral therapy, stem cell therapy, anticancer therapy, epigenetic engineering, crop improvement, and live cell imaging. This article briefly discusses the background, working mechanism of CRISPR/CAS9, how this system can be compared with previously discovered genome editing technologies like zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator like effector nucleases (TALENs) and its applications in various fields, and current challenges along with future perspectives.

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CRISPRCAS9 system A revolution in the era of genome editing and beyond.pdf