Agriculture is facing a number of difficulties, including the effects of the changing climate and environmental problems like runoff and eutrophication caused by the overuse of chemical fertilisers. To address the needs of the expanding population, nanotechnology opens up a wide range of unique applications in the fields of plant nutrition. Regarding the relationship between nanotechnology and plant nutrition, it has been claimed that a source of nutrients used in plant nano-nutrition is nano-fertilizer. By using nano-fertilizers instead of conventional fertilisers, it is possible to prevent eutrophication and the contamination of drinking water by preventing the buildup of residual nutrients in soils. Plant nutrients are carried by a variety of nano-structured materials which includes nanoclays, hydroxyapatites, polymeric nanomaterial etc. It has been reported that by use of nano-fertilizers, the fertilizer dose of crops can be drastically reduced compared to conventional fertilizers without sacrificing the crop yield. As a result, nanotechnology has opened up new possibilities for enhancing nutrient use effectiveness, crop nutrition, and reducing environmental pollution.